November 4, 1993, by decree of the President of Ukraine, a holiday for railway workers was established. It is dedicated to the memorable date, when almost 15 years ago the first train "Yaroslav" arrived in Lviv. It was back in the days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The train, by modern standards, may well be considered international, since it connected Poland, Austria, and present-day Ukraine. Today in Ukraine there are 6 developed railways uniting all corners of the country. More than 1.5 thousand stations serve passengers, of which there are 500 million a year. A huge amount of cargo is transported by rail. Three pan-European railway corridors pass through Ukraine. Today, railway workers celebrate two professional holidays - July is the day of the trade unions of the railway, and October 4 is the day of the railroad.
On this day, according to the plan of Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, Moscow was liberated from Polish interventionists. The militia’s forces stormed China Town, demonstrating unity, regardless of religion and social status in society. Peter 1 called Minin "the savior of the Fatherland." This holiday temporarily lost its significance, but after the collapse of the USSR, the old tradition returned.
In 2012, the holiday fell on November 4. About 150 thousand people work in the social sphere of Ukraine. The state highly appreciates the role of the social sphere ensuring the implementation of state policy in the social life of the country. This includes social protection of the population, payment and labor safety, the establishment and support of labor relations. Social workers are associated with many areas of people's lives - health, conflict, employment and professional behavior. Social protection of the population is, first of all, the establishment of relations between people. For a social worker to fulfill his duty means to act at the behest of conscience and soul, to give people hope for the best.
Every first Sunday of November (this year - November 4), civil aviation workers celebrate their holiday. The main goal is the implementation of aviation, taking into account the human factor. Much attention is paid to flight safety, improving the professionalism of ground specialists, and the safe operation of aircraft in the air. On this day, a large number of demonstration events, air shows and parachutists perform. The head of Belarus considers civil aviation a visiting card of the country.
And also on this day:
On this day, Moscow was liberated from the Poles, and Russian people sacredly believed that this happened with the intervention and intercession of the Kazan image of the Virgin. A large role was played by Kozma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, in honor of them a temple was built on Red Square. Before the revolution in October, it was a public holiday, in our time it is again celebrated on November 4, the day the Kazan Cathedral was restored and opened on Red Square.
In many parts of India, a traditional festival of married women (Karwa Chout) takes place. In North India, it is most revered, and has great cultural significance. On this day, women show their affection for her husband, refusing food in his honor. Thus, they demonstrate a willingness to endure deprivation for the sake of his well-being. According to one legend, a loving wife saved her husband from a crocodile. The god of death Yama was afraid of the curses of his wife, who loved her husband very much, he took the crocodile to hell, and the couple lived a long happy life. Fasting on this holiday does not frighten women, they look forward to it and communicate with the husband's family and relatives, go on a visit and thank for love and devotion. Women paint their palms and feet with henna, and worship the gods.
In Russian, Gudrat sounds like "power." On this day, the Bahá'ís exchange information about the life of the community, have tea parties and read the scriptures. Bahá'ís love music and eloquent uplifting stories, which is why great emphasis is placed on musical design.
Kazan Icon
In the Orthodox Church there are several icons that are especially revered. The most famous and most revered is the icon of the Kazan Mother of God. In 1579, a fire destroyed part of Moscow. The Mother of God appeared in a dream to a nine-year-old girl and indicated the place where she could dig out the icon on the ashes. At the place of the conflagration, the Bogoroditsky girl’s monastery was established, where a girl herself named Matrona became his first nun. There were times when the icon disappeared from the monastery, they say that the thief burned the image itself and sold the frame. But according to legend, the abbess of the monastery replaced the icon with a copy for the night, and the original has been preserved to this day.
Kazan is a kind of boundary between autumn and winter. After this holiday, frost came to Russia. A good harvest foreshadowed a cold winter, and rain on this day indicated the imminent onset of winter. In the carts, it was necessary to put skids for the sled and update the toboggan run. Weddings played at the Kazan Icon were expected to lead to a successful marriage. Girls were also chosen by signs. "Good wife and fat cabbage soup - do not look for other good." On this day, it was possible to carry out a ritual of attractiveness - to find in the forest a leaf touched by hoarfrost, and look into it like in a mirror. Men who went to work in the city returned home that day. They were greeted with a feast, guests were convened and they drank beer made from berries, hops, beets and carrots.
November 4, 1879 - patented first cash register
The owner of a small cafe from Detroit decided to stop the abduction of staff. A popular cafe with a large number of visitors did not bring him income, and he had suspicions that the staff was deceiving him. He invented a device that allows you to fix each operation. The idea came to him when he saw in the engine room of the ship devices that fix the speed of the shaft. He patented his device on November 4, 1879, the device was called the “Incorruptible Cashier Ritti”.
November 4, 1890 - opening of the first electric subway line in London
London is the first city in the world in which the subway appeared. The world's oldest underground road has existed since 1863. The first trains were driven by Stephenson's steam locomotives. On the outskirts of the tunnels surface, electric traction began to be used underground only in 1990. The first passenger was the Prince of Wales, who later became King of Great Britain Edward VII. Metropolitan Railway denoted the metropolitan railway, abbreviated metro.
November 4, 2004 - Opening of the monument to Admiral Kolchak in Irkutsk
Alexander Vasilievich Kolchak at the time of the 1917 revolution had extensive experience in serving the Russian state and great services to the Fatherland. After the revolution, he took a clear anti-revolutionary position. In the White Army, he served as admiral and minister of war. In 1918, he became the "supreme ruler of the Russian state," after the defeat of the White Army was captured and transferred to the Revolutionary, in 1920 he was shot. In honor of the 130th anniversary of his birthday and for his services to the Fatherland in 2004, a monument was erected to him in Irkutsk.
Igor Talkov (1956 -1991), Soviet film actor and singer
Since 1976, Igor has been working in the April group, touring the country and writing his first compositions ("I'm a little sorry"). He also collaborates with the ensembles "Past and Thoughts", "Asterisk", "Fanta". He gained great popularity as part of the Electroclub and Kaleidoscope groups. In the program "Song of the Year" first hit the song "Clean Ponds". In 1991, during a concert, he was shot dead by unknown people.
Nino Chavchavadze (1812 -1857), Georgian princess, wife of Alexander Griboedov
Russian playwright and diplomat Alexander Griboedov chose Nino as his wife when she was only 15 years old. The beauty, with exquisite manners and an unusually kind girl, having lost her husband and child, remained true to their memory. She no longer married and survived her husband for 30 years. Her compatriots surrounded her with legends, but were treated with invariable respect.
Felix Mendelssohn (1809 - 1847), German composer
The author of the Wedding March, Mendelssohn won his first competition at the age of 10. Then he becomes a student of the Berlin Singing Academy. At the age of 15 he was already the author of many works. Mendelssohn’s musical heritage is an overture to the opera A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Requiem for Fanny, dedicated to the death of his beloved sister, and a huge number of musical plays. He received real lifetime fame as the conductor of the first performance of Bach's music.
Didier Ratsiraka (1936), President of Madagascar
The president of Madagascar Ratsiraka became several times. He was first elected president of the new republic after 1975, after the Malagasy socialist revolution. After he was re-elected in 1982, 1989 and 1997. In 1993, he retired, losing to his opponent Alber Zafi, and also could not win in 2001. In 2002, the country was on the brink of civil war, the intervention of the Organization of African Unity led to the fact that Mark Ravalumanan was declared president. Didier Ratsiraka with his family immigrated to France. In 2003, in his country, he was sentenced in absentia to 10 years of corrective labor.
Osip Beauvais (1784 - 1834), an architect who made a great contribution to the restoration of burned Moscow
Giuseppe Beauvais received an excellent architectural education, worked in the Hermitage, in several Russian cities, and headed the "facade" to rebuild Moscow after it was burned before Napoleon’s troops. It was he who directed the restoration of Red Square, the laying of the Alexander Garden and Theater Square. In his honor, the Triumphal Gate was established at the entrance to Moscow.
Pavel Rybalko (1894 -1948), marshal of armored forces
The Soviet military leader, the son of an ordinary worker in the Kharkov province, led several armies of armored forces during the war years. He is credited with the liberation of Lviv with the least loss. The architecture and buildings of the city were preserved. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, awarded many military orders and medals, several streets in different cities of the former USSR bear his name.
On this day, name holders celebrate their name day:
Alexander, German, Maxim, Nikolay, Gregory, Elizabeth, Anna, Vasily, Vladimir, Ivan, Irakli, Konstantin, Fedor
